Operative EBITDA
Operating profit (EBIT) + depreciation and amortization + impairments – items affecting comparability
Items affecting comparability 1)
Restructuring and streamlining programs + transaction and integration expenses in acquisitions + divestment of businesses and other disposals + other items
Operative EBIT
Operating profit (EBIT) – items affecting comparability
Interest-bearing net liabilities
Interest-bearing liabilities – cash and cash equivalents
Equity ratio, %
Total equity x 100
Total assets – prepayments received
Gearing, %
Interest-bearing net liabilities x 100
Total equity
Interest cover
Operating profit + depreciation, amortization and impairments
Finance costs, net
Return on investment (ROI), %
(Profit before taxes + interest expenses + other financial expenses) x 100
(Total assets – non-interest-bearing liabilities)2)
Return on equity (ROE), %
Net profit attributable to equity owners of the parent x 100
Equity attributable to equity owners of the parent 2)
Cash flow return on investment (CFROI), %
Net cash generated from operating activities x 100
(Total assets – interest-free liabilities)2)
Cash flow after investing activities
Net cash generated from operating activities + net cash used in investing activities
Operative return on capital employed (OPERATIVE ROCE), %
Operative EBIT + share of profit or loss of associates x 100 3)
Capital employed 4)5)
Return on capital employed (ROCE), %)
Operating profit + share of the results of associates x 1003)
Capital employed 4) 5)
Capital turnover
Revenue
Capital employed 4) 5)
Interest-bearing net liabilities / EBITDA
Interest-bearing net liabilities
Operating profit (EBIT) + depreciation and amortization +, impairments
Net financial cost, %
(Finance costs, net – dividend income – exchange rate differences) x 100
Interest-bearing net liabilities 2)
Net working capital
Inventories + trade receivables + other receivables, excluding derivatives, accrued interest income and other financing items – trade payables – other liabilities, excluding derivatives, accrued interest expenses and other financing items
1) Non-GAAP measures excludes the effects of significant items of income and expenses which may have an impact on the comparability in the financial reporting of Kemira Group. Restructuring and streamlining programs; transaction and integration expenses in acquisition; divestments of businesses and other disposals are considered to be the most common items affecting comparability.
2) Average
3) Operating profit and share of profit or loss of associates taken into account for a rolling twelve month period ending at the end of the review period.
4) 12-month rolling average
5) Capital Employed = property, plant and equipment + intangible assets + net working capital + investments in associates