Biocide is a chemical or physical agent that prevents the biological deterioration of materials and has a controlling effect on harmful organisms. Biocides are used e.g. for disinfection, preservation, sterilization, sanitization and microbial control.
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Polymers are chemicals used in flocculation. Flocculation is the process of agglomerating destabilized particles into bigger flocs. In wastewater flocculation and sludge treatment, colloidal particles are flocked in order to aid their removal or to help sludge dewatering. Polymers can be used alone or together with inorganic coagulants to make flocs bigger and more resistant to shear forces.
The role of coagulation in water treatment is important: it is the process of reducing the electric repulsion between particles by the addition of iron or aluminum salts (inorganic coagulants) to the water. Coagulation can successfully remove a large amount of particles (including most of the microplastics) and dissolved matter from water. In many applications, such as phosphorus removal from wastewater, chemical treatment using an inorganic coagulant has been shown to deliver better results than any other method.
